Ruby 连接 Mysql - MySql2
前面一章节我们介绍了 Ruby DBI 的使用。这章节我们技术 Ruby 连接 Mysql 更高效的驱动 mysql2,目前也推荐使用这种方式连接 MySql。
安装 mysql2 驱动:
gem install mysql2
你需要使用 –with-mysql-config 配置 mysql_config 的路径,如: –with-mysql-config=/some/random/path/bin/mysql_config。
连接
连接数据库语法如下:
# 更多参数可以查看 http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveRecord/ConnectionAdapters/MysqlAdapter.html client = Mysql2::Client.new(:host => "localhost", :username => "root")
查询
results = client.query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE group="githubbers"")
特殊字符转义
escaped = client.escape("gi"thu"bbe0r"s") results = client.query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE group="#{escaped}"")
计算结果集返回的数量:
results.count
迭代结果集:
results.each do |row| # row 是哈希 # 键值是数据库字段 # 值都是对应 MySQL中数据 puts row["id"] # row["id"].class == Fixnum if row["dne"] # 不存在则是 nil puts row["dne"] end end
实例
#!/usr/bin/ruby -w require "mysql2" client = Mysql2::Client.new( :host => "127.0.0.1", # 主机 :username => "root", # 用户名 :password => "123456", # 密码 :database => "test", # 数据库 :encoding => "utf8" # 编码 ) results = client.query("SELECT VERSION()") results.each do |row| puts row end
以上实例运行输出结果为:
{"VERSION()"=>"5.6.21"}
连接选项
Mysql2::Client.new( :host, :username, :password, :port, :database, :socket = "/path/to/mysql.sock", :flags = REMEMBER_OPTIONS | LONG_PASSWORD | LONG_FLAG | TRANSACTIONS | PROTOCOL_41 | SECURE_CONNECTION | MULTI_STATEMENTS, :encoding = "utf8", :read_timeout = seconds, :write_timeout = seconds, :connect_timeout = seconds, :reconnect = true/false, :local_infile = true/false, :secure_auth = true/false, :default_file = "/path/to/my.cfg", :default_group = "my.cfg section", :init_command => sql )
更多内容请参阅:http://www.rubydoc.info/gems/mysql2/0.2.3/frames。